Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) has been associated with several human metabolic disorders and is converted from inactive 11-keto form to glucocorticoid (GC or cortisol). GC overproduction or hypercortisolism is a major diagnostic factor of Cushing syndrome and Anorexia. GCs regulate carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism.Materials and methods: Previously we established porcine fibroblasts overexpressing 11&#...

Introduction: Phthalates are chemicals used to improve the plasticity of industrial polymers and used in commercial products such as toys, paints, packaging materials, medicals devices and personal care items. Phthalates, endocrine disrupting chemicals, have been documented to cause adverse effects to the human health such as breast cancer in female, reduced uroogenital distance and changed the expression of steroidogenesis and folliculogenessis. In this study, we investigated...

Aim: Auger electron (AE)-emitting radionuclides are well suited as molecularly targeted radionuclide therapeutics (MRT) due to the high energy deposition density in the immediate vicinity of the decay site which avoids to a large extent non-specific radiotoxicity. However, due to the short range of the low-energy Auger (and Coster-Kronig) electrons, it is imperative that the AE emitting agent is closely associated with the cell nucleus. In this study we evaluate the dose depos...

Background: Transition of diabetes care from adolescents to adulthood remains a challenging field due to many social, demographic, and economic factors. During the transition phase, strong emphasis should be placed on encouraging teens to assume self-care and self-management of their diabetes through guided practice of physical and practical skills needed once they transition to adult care.Objectives: Through the Medicaid 1115 Waiver-Delivery System Refo...

Glucocorticoid, known as cortisol, is a steroid hormone essential to the maintenance of homeostasis, and is released in response to stress and low blood glucose concentration. It is converted from cortisone by 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β HSD1). The liver plays a major organ in metabolism, has numerous functions, mostly consists of hepatocytes, and is a principal target of cortisol. In murine model, it was observed that too much cortisol or overexpres...

Synthesized chemicals that not existed in the environment have been troubled endocrine physiology. These endocrine disruptors (EDs) had been noted and replaced with other chemicals. Most of compound banned for production act as an estrogen. But other than estrogen, especially thyroid hormone related EDs are noted for early brain and neural development. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are representative known as thyroid disruptor because of its structural similarity. 2,4,6-t...

Phaeochromocytomas (PCs) are neuroendocrine tumors derived from neural crest-derived chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia.About 10% of all PCs can be malignant.Currently, there is no effective therapy for malignant PCs.In many neuroendocrine tumors, including PCs, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR survival pathway is hyperactivated. Therefore, the inhibition of this signaling cascade may exert an a...

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by the presence of a medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism. The germ-line mutations of the RET proto-oncogene cause MEN2A. Specific RET mutations correlate with the onset of age and the aggressiveness of the disease. It has been reported that polymorphisms of RET may have a modifier effect on the presentation.Case re...

Obesity caused by excess energy intake has been emerging as a major health concern in the world, with increased risk leading to diabetes, hypertension, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism on how obesity develops is of critically clinical importance. Accumulating data suggest that ER-stress is strongly related with development of obesity, implying that ER stress can be a therapeutically target of obesity. 4-Phenylbutyrate (...

Objectives: Various systemic symptoms may occur in patients with thyrotoxicosis. Gastrointestinal manifestations such as hyperphagia or frequent defecation, often coexist with other thyrotoxic symptoms. Vomiting also has been mentioned.In this setting, systemic symptoms of underlying malignancy may be confused with those of thyrotoxicosis leading to a delay in diagnosis.Methods: We report a case with delayed diagnosis of small bowe...